Part Three: The Huckabee Example
Above, Mike Huckabee listens to Ron Paul speak during last September’s All-American Presidential Forum at historically black Morgan State University. The empty podium between the two men belonged to one of the four leading Republican candidates who decided to not show up for the debate. This year, the Republican Party could receive its lowest ever share of the African American vote.But if the Party of Lincoln ever wants to get more than 12% of the sixteen million likely black voters - the highest percentage that any GOP candidate has gotten since 1980 - again, they should take some notes from former Presidential Candidate and Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee.
We’ve all talked a lot this year about issues involving race in politics. And a lot of talk has been made about the possibility that the GOP may this year get a historically low share of the African American vote. But what if I told you that I thought that it was possible, if the Republican Party really tried, that in little more than a decade, the party could begin to compete for the black vote?
If this happened, it would not only expand the reach of the party’s base but would make it more likely for the Republican Party to continue to win elections in the 21st century as it would help it gain many voters who have traditionally voted Democratic by default. It would also change the public image of the party, which has been widely criticized for being comparatively ethnically monolithic. I believe I can offer the Republican Party a game plan to accomplish this goal. To do this, I would direct their attention to the picture above, which was taken during the Republican Presidential Forum held at the historically black Morgan State University and in which the top four leading candidates at the time all declined to participate.
My advice to the Republican Party: do what the guy on the left does.
If the Republican Party at large takes the advice and follows the example of Mike Huckabee, it will probably begin to see an increased level of support from blacks and other ethnic minority groups within the next three or four election cycles. And to turn this into a more actionable plan, I’ve extracted a few tips, all based on things that Huckabee has said or done. Since everybody and their mother is talking about change this year, here’s how the GOP can initiate some change of its own in order to change the way black voters view the party.
Principle #1: Show Up
Tavis Smiley: “… Let me commence tonight by thanking Morgan State University and Dr. Richardson for hosting us and my network home, PBS, for broadcasting this “All-American Presidential Forum.” … Fortunately, there are those in the Republican Party who do understand the importance of reaching out to people of color. I am grateful to former RNC Chairman Ken Mehlman, former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, former Congressman Jack Kemp and former Maryland Lieutenant Governor Michael Steele, all of whom have lent their support over the last year to this event. Indeed, last week, President Bush was asked about those GOP candidates not attending tonight, and responded by underscoring the importance of reaching out to communities of color. We believe that when we make communities of color better, we make our country better. And so enough said about the no-shows … Please tell me and this audience, in your own words, why you chose to be here tonight”
Former Gov. Mike Huckabee: “Well, Tavis, I want to be president of the United States, not just president of the Republican Party.”
One month after Mike Huckabee gave the answer quoted above, a voter asked all the Republican candidates a question at the CNN YouTube debate. The question was why it was that even though many blacks have fairly conservative views, “why don’t we vote for you?” When Mike’s turn came to answer the question, he responded with his theory of why he was able to win 48% of the black vote in Arkansas. “Here’s the reason why: because I asked for their vote, and I didn’t wait until October of the election year to do it.”
Ever since Nixon political strategist Kevin Phillips, an architect of the “southern strategy,” encouraged his party to generally ignore black voters as part of a strategy for turning out more southern white voters, only a few nationally known Republican politicians have actively sought to make their case to black voters. Former New Jersey Republican Governor Tom Kean, who won the support of a majority of black voters when he was re-elected in 1985, complained two decades ago that the GOP “reached out to the Hispanic community, to almost every ethnic community in America except the black community.” He also said ”You’re talking about losing a major vote by 9-to-1 …Is there any other group in America that a party is willing to lose by that much?”
The majority of two generations of African Americans have grown to resent the Republican Party, in significant part because the party has simply ignored black voters. Some Republicans have theorized that one way to reach black voters is to get some African American supporters to go out on behalf of party candidates in order to “bring in the vote.” However, there is a problem with this theory. Black voters don’t respond significantly better to black Republicans than they do to white Republicans, as evidenced by the defeat in 2006 of Ohio Gubernatorial candidate Ken Blackwell, Maryland Senatorial candidate Michael Steele and Pennsylvania Gubernatorial candidate and former NFL superstar Lynn Swann. All were high profile black Republican candidates who sought historic positions but who faced overwhelming opposition from black voters, even though most of these same voters identify themselves as conservative or moderate. The reason many black voters have refused to support Republican political candidates doesn’t seem to have much to do with the candidate’s skin color rather but their party affiliation. And the same sentiment probably exists to some degree toward many black intermediaries who serve as proxies between black voters and candidates that belong to the party that many of them resent.
Instead, Republicans should do what Mike Huckabee does. Show up. And I mean personally show up - not just recruiting intermediaries to talk with black voters on behalf of the candidate. The candidates need to make personal appearances and slowly and gradually make personal connections, instead of solely relying on “urban” ads or through black supporters. They need to understand that there is a well of resentment in the black community against the Republican party, and, like Mike Huckabee, they need to be brave enough to show up anyway.
During his Arkansas campaigns, Huckabee instructed his campaign staffers who handed out flyers to not skip certain neighborhoods but to reach out to everybody. Tavis Smiley, one of the moderators of the Morgan debate, raved about Huckabee a few months later on his radio show, saying that he had met Huckabee in Arkansas and lauded him for not being “afraid” to campaign among and interact with black people; he called him the best Republican candidate in his lifetime. If GOP candidates follow Huckabee’s example, they may soon discover that like him, they’re getting a lot of support from people who don’t normally vote Republican.
Huckabee finished his answer to the question at the YouTube debate with a warning to his own party. “And I just want to express that our party had better reach out not just to African-Americans, but to Hispanics and to all people of this country. I don’t want to be a part of a Republican party that is a tiny, minute and ever decreasing party, but one that touches every American from top to bottom, regardless of race.”
Principle #2: Be Honest
Smiley: “…[please tell us] what you say to those who chose not to be here tonight.”
Huckabee: “Frankly, I’m embarrassed. I’m embarrassed for our party and I’m embarrassed for those who did not come, because there’s long been a divide in this country, and it doesn’t get better when we don’t show up.”
When some Republicans talk about the fact that most blacks vote for Democrats, they offer a variety of interesting explanations, all of which spare the Republican Party from any fault whatsoever and, often, from any sense of responsibility to work to close the gap. Some of them, both white Republicans and a few black Republicans alike, speak, imply that the reason that blacks generally vote Democratic is because we’ve as a group been duped by Democratic trickery. Or that we’re collectively looking for some type of handout. Or that the majority of the thirty nine million blacks in this country are racist. And the implication from these arguments are that black voters as a group are easily fooled, in search of freebies and overwhelmingly racist while the Republican party is a flawless entity with a continuous legacy as the Party of Lincoln. And to those folks, I offer a bonus tip: insulting a large group of voters - or their intelligence - is not a recommended strategy for convincing them to join you. It has been long documented that many Republicans have long avoided reaching out to black voters and even that there was a calculated strategy to do just that in order to improve the party’s standing in the once-Democratic south. For some party members to pretend that this hasn’t been the case isn’t an example of showing party loyalty. It’s being dishonest.
But Mike Huckabee is honest. And when he was asked about his reaction to the fact that his four leading fellow Republican candidates did not show up, he did not repeat one of the party talking points or try to defend their actions. He probably understood that their decision to shun the opportunity to present a Republican option to black voters was seen by many as yet another slap in the face to black voters, a very visible slight that hurt not only those candidates but further damaged the image many had of the Republican Party. And Mike was able to be honest about his party’s failings while at the same time talking about the party’s many current and historical strengths - he later cited the example of how Republican President Eisenhower sent federal troops to desegregate Little Rock Central High over intense resistance from Democratic Governor Faubus. Some people believe that being honest about their party’s shortcomings is an act of disloyalty. But Mike’s honesty, in addition to him showing up, probably caused more people to strongly consider voting Republican than would have otherwise been the case.
Principle #3: Understand The Issues
In the time that Mike Huckabee was given to speak during the debate, he rattled off a laundry list of issues of great concern to many black voters, demonstrating his familiarity with both black voters and the many of the problems that are on these voters’ minds. Here are a few quotes from some of his answers that night:
Huckabee: “… that we made some real strides in the criminal justice system so that you don’t have a different sentence for a 17-year-old kid caught with a lid of marijuana than you do some upper-middle-class white kid who gets caught with cocaine. He goes to rehab, and the black kid goes to prison for 10 years” (in response to a question about what he hoped his legacy would be in the eyes of black Americans if he were elected)
Huckabee: “… there is a disproportionate level of people in the African American community with hypertension, with stroke, with diabetes …” (another part to his answer to the legacy question above)
Huckabee: “… in some cases, it’s because those who try to lift themselves up find that they get most importantly the heel of someone’s boot on top of their head every time they try to raise their head …” (in response to a question about the candidate’s opinion of why the unemployment rate for black high school graduates is 33 percent higher than the unemployment rate of white high school drop-outs)
Huckabee: “… Eighty percent of the people who are in our prisons and jails are there for a drug or alcohol crime. They either were high or drunk when they committed the crime, or they committed the crime to get high or drunk …” (in answer to a question about what policies the candidates would recommend to ensure that everybody is treated equally in the criminal justice system)
Huckabee: “… There are a lot of people in America that don’t think the only poverty is in Darfur — understand there’s poverty in the Delta. There are people who don’t have running water, people that don’t have access to medical care and don’t have a decent school to go to and you don’t have to go halfway around the world to find it. We’ve got it right here in this country.” (in response to a question about the U.S. playing a role in ending the genocide in Darfur).
Successful politicians are often people who take the time to study and get to know the concerns and feelings of their potential constituents. Many successful politicians are also personally familiar with their constituents - either because they are “one of them,” as is the case of many people who run on the claim of being “born and bred” in the community they want to represent or because they’ve taken the time to really get connected to those constituents, have relationships with them, and have become familiar with their issues of concern. And Republicans who want black voters to vote for them need to treat black constituents like any other group of voters who they want support from. They need to take the time to understand the things that are on their minds.
Principle #4: Build A Reputation
Huckabee: “Quite frankly, for a lot of people there’s a perception that Black Americans don’t vote for Republicans. I proved that wrong in Arkansas, with 48 percent of African Americans voting for me.”
When Huckabee won his first elected office in Arkansas, he became only the second Republican Lieutenant Governor since Reconstruction, only a year after Democrat Bill Clinton left the State House for D.C., where some people called him the “first black President.” He withdrew from a speaking invitation from a conservative organization when he learned of some of their attitudes regarding race, publicly condemning them and declaring “I will not participate in any program that has racist overtones. I’ve spent a lifetime fighting racism and anti-Semitism.” He was re-elected by a significant margins and then became Governor when Jim Guy Tucker was forced to resign in 1996. In the following year, the fortieth anniversary of the integration of Little Rock Central High School in which children were threatened with violence for trying to attend school, Huckabee gave a speech that reportedly moved many at the anniversary service to tears. He declared 1997 to be a year of racial reconciliation and urged people to let go of racial resentment. The next year, when he ran for his first elected term as Governor, the exit polls showed that about half of the black voters voted for Huckabee over his Democratic opponent. By the time that he was at the peak of his Presidential run earlier this year, he had amassed endorsements from an unusual number of African Americans compared to the average Republican. Some Democrats were worried enough that someone circulated an email urging black voters not to be “tricked” into voting for Mike Huckabee. He built up more goodwill during and after his campaign by firmly opposing Barack Obama but doing so with civility and respect. He even came to Obama’s defense to a degree when the Reverend Wright scandal dominated the news in March. And when Huckabee made the news himself in May with an unfortunate joke about Obama that went horribly wrong, it was essentially a one-day story; black leaders did not condemn him or try to make it into a bigger issue.
More Republican candidates should follow Huckabee’s example by persevering in trying to reach all voters despite the fact that many will hold their party affiliation against them. But if they actively reach out, reject racially divisive people, and strive for racial harmony, and keep doing it, both they and the Republican Party at large will reap a substantial benefit over time.
Principle #5: Be Yourself
Mike Huckabee also seems to understand an important concept when trying to connect with a group that may have a different set of experiences than you do: you don’t have to always agree with them about everything. That nobody respects somebody who tries to say one thing in front of one group of people and another thing in front of another. And that people tend to respect people who are bold enough to respectfully defend opinions that not everybody agrees with.
Some people think that in order to connect with a black audience, you need to channel a Baptist preacher’s cadence while telling the audience everything you think they want to hear. But Huckabee actually, being himself, discussed his support for policies that are unpopular with many black Americans. And he did it without even doing the Al Gore-style Baptist Preacher imitation (even though he actually is a Baptist Preacher). Some examples:
On the Death Penalty (which is unpopular among many blacks): “I probably dislike the death penalty more than anybody on this stage, but for a very different reason. I’ve actually had to carry it out, more than any governor in my state’s history. I had to carry out the death penalty because that was my job. I did it because I believed, after reading every page of every transcript and everything in that file, it was the only conclusion we could come to. But I didn’t enjoy it. And God help the American who somehow has this cavalier attitude about the death penalty and says they support it and they can do it. Let me tell you something from the person whose name had to be put on the document that started the process: It’s a necessary part of our criminal justice system for those crimes for which there is no other alternative. But God help the person who ever does it without a conscience and feels the pain of it.”
On “choice” (meaning abortion, which is defended by many Democrats): “I think we have some role to play in it [preventing genocide in Darfur], but I guess what disturbs me even more, we have not even addressed the genocide that’s going on and the infanticide in our own country with the slaughter of millions of unborn children.”
On Affirmative Action (from Huckabee’s 2002 Gubernatorial National Political Awareness Test): Question: Should race, ethnicity, or gender be taken into account in state agencies’ decisions on college and university admissions? Huckabee’s answer: “No.” Question: Public employment? Huckabee’s answer: “No.” Question: State contracting? Huckabee’s answer: “No.”
So what happened after the conservative southerner showed up, expressed disappointment that some of his fellow candidates chose to avoid the debate, demonstrated his understanding of the audience’s concerns, shared his growing record of connecting with black voters - and then - openly disagreed with a good portion of the audience about some of the most sensitive issues? He was declared to be the clear winner of the debate and won himself a lot of new African American fans. Dr. Cornel West, an Princeton Professor, civil rights activist and Obama supporter who disagrees with many of Huckabee’s policies, told the former Governor after the Morgan debate “you are for real.”
Principle #6: Get Comfortable Building Bridges
Huckabee: “But I want to make sure that the people of this country recognize that we’ve come a long way, but we have a long way to go. And we don’t get there if we don’t sit down and work through issues that are still very deep in this country, when it comes to racial divide.”
Fear is the enemy of all relationships, because love and fear aren’t generally at the same place at the same time. And one reason that there is still too much racial tension bubbling just under the surface within too many people is because we spend too much time being afraid of each other. People are afraid either of being accused of racism or afraid of being judged according to stereotypes. And when we try to pretend that tensions don’t exist, the division doesn’t go away but only grows deeper.
The fear of addressing the difficult issues of race is probably one of several factors that has prevented the GOP in large part from attempting to fix the rift with its onetime faithful constituents. Mike Huckabee, on the other hand, while having a very good understanding of a lot of the background of many of our nation’s racial tensions and showing empathy for the historical struggles of black Americans, isn’t afraid to talk about issues that involve race. Because he is willing to engage black voters, is honest, has a decent understanding of many of the issues and frustrations of different groups of people, has a good reputation for showing sensitivity toward everybody, and is comfortable in his own skin, all of this enables him to have credibility and be well received when he chimes in on issues that might make others uncomfortable to discuss. And the more leaders we have in government who have these characteristics, the more effective they will be in helping America heal from the more painful parts of her history.
Principle #7: Don’t Shrink Back In Fear
To a Republican politician who cares about fixing the divide, it may seem like the challenge of helping heal four decades of a strained relationship is a very difficult challenge. And because of the difficulty, some may be tempted to not even bother - a sentiment that in itself is partially responsible for how things are now. But I want to remind Republican leaders of some of their own words of encouragement that were spoken regarding a different challenge.
It has been mainly Republican politicians that have encouraged us to not give in to fear. To not look at a struggle or a challenge as unwinnable but rather to concentrate on a plan for victory. To understand the criticality of taking the challenge head on and not accepting anything short of victory. If the Republican leadership understands the importance of reaching out to everyone and applies these same principles to this task, the party will in a decade or so become both stronger and better able to continue to win national elections. But, truly, in an increasingly diverse 21st century America, failure - the refusal to change from the status quo on racial diversity - is simply not an option for the Republican Party.
“The Values Voter”